Uruguay
Uruguay is the fourth largest producer of wine in South America after Argentina, Chile and Brazil. Situated mainly around the south coast close to the capital, Montevideo, as well as San Jose and Canelones, there are approximately 9000 hectares planted to vines. The climate of Uruguay is relative mild, with no extreme differences between summer and winter temperatures. However, while this country is sunny, it is much wetter than Argentina due mainly to the high concentration of water flowing through it: four river basins; several lagoons; and the “Rio Negro” (Black River), all contribute to high humidity. This can cause a number of diseases to develop on the vine, which has led to winegrowers moving away from traditional hybrid grape varieties and towards vinifera varieties. The majority of wine produced in Uruguay is red (over 70%), therefore the main grape variety grown here is Tannat. However, this is often blended with other varieties such as Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc or Syrah to produce a more refined wine which is softer and less rustic. In terms of white wine, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay are the main grape varieties grown.